What Happens to Astronauts' Health After Long Space Missions? 

What Happens to Astronauts' Health After Long Space Missions? 

Record-Breaking Space Stays 

Astronauts like Sunita Williams, Frank Rubio, and Russian cosmonauts have spent over 300 days in space. But how does it affect their bodies? 

Muscle Wasting and Bone Density Decline 

In zero gravity, muscles weaken, and bones lose up to 30% of their density, increasing fracture risks."

Growing Taller in Space 

Spines expand in zero gravity, making astronauts taller. But this can lead to back pain and slipped discs 

Fluid Shifts and Vision Problems 

Fluid shifts in space can cause swelling around the eyes and optic nerves, affecting vision 

Radiation Risks in Space 

Without Earth’s magnetic field, astronauts face high radiation levels, increasing cancer and DNA damage risks 

Weakened Immunity and Heart Strain 

Space weakens the immune system and can affect heart function, making recovery crucial 

45 Days of Rehabilitation 

After landing, astronauts undergo a 45-day recovery plan to readjust to Earth’s gravity 

A timeline showing bone recovery over 4 years 

Bone density recovery can take up to 4 years, and some effects may last a lifetime. 

Preparing for Mars and Beyond 

As we plan for longer missions, understanding space health is key to exploring the cosmos